Students describe the properties of acids and bases, use the pH scale to compare how acidic or basic substances are (including the tenfold change between each pH unit) and predict the colours of litmus, universal indicator and phenolphthalein. They then write word equations for neutralisation and for the reactions of acids with metals and carbonates, name the salts produced, identify the gases with simple tests and explain everyday uses of neutralisation.
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Curriculum: New Zealand Curriculum. We show specific outcome codes only where they have been verified against the official curriculum document.
Completed: Acids and Bases: The pH Scale, Indicators and Neutralisation
Year 10 students (typically ages 14–15) working on mixtures & chemical reactions. It is pitched at level 2 · standard.
Yes. The PDF includes a full answer sheet with model answers and success criteria where there is more than one good answer. You can also view the answers online.
About 45 minutes for 24 questions. Short, regular sessions work best: two or three a week beats one long one.
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Try Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions.
Success TutoringWorksheetsYear 10 · Science · Mixtures & Chemical ReactionsName
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Each step of one pH unit is a tenfold change. Acid + base → salt + water.
Acids taste sour, can be corrosive, turn blue litmus red and react with many metals and with carbonates. Lemon juice, vinegar and stomach acid contain acids. Bases can be corrosive, feel slippery or soapy and turn red litmus blue. A base that dissolves in water is called an alkali. Soap, baking soda and drain cleaner are basic.
The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a solution is, usually from 0 to 14. Below 7 is acidic, 7 is neutral and above 7 is basic. Each step of one pH unit is a tenfold change: pH 3 is 10 times more acidic than pH 4 and 100 times more acidic than pH 5.
Never taste or touch chemicals in the laboratory. Strong acids and bases cause burns; always wear safety glasses.
An indicator is a substance that changes colour depending on whether a solution is acidic or basic. Universal indicator colours run: red (strong acid), orange and yellow (weak acid), green (neutral), blue (weak base), purple (strong base).
When an acid reacts with a base, they cancel each other out. This is neutralisation: acid + base → salt + water. A salt is a compound made of a metal (from the base) and the non-metal part of the acid.
The acid decides the second part of the salt name: hydrochloric acid makes chlorides, sulfuric acid makes sulfates and nitric acid makes nitrates.
Acids also react with metal carbonates: acid + metal carbonate → salt + water + carbon dioxide, and with many metals: acid + metal → salt + hydrogen.
Preview — the PDF contains the full resource and answer sheet.
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